pedar^®: Dynamic pressure distribution inside the footwear.

Evidence: Methods explicitly uses pedar-X for pressure measurements and comparison with STAMPS.

Notes: Journal issue 2026; first published online 9 November 2025. Counted once.

Evidence: Methods sections 2.1.3 and 2.3.2 explicitly report pedar-X standing and walking measurements.

Notes: Published 1 May 2026.

Evidence: Publisher methods identify pedar-X testing of both insoles in sports shoes.

Evidence: Methods describes recording mean and maximum plantar pressure distributions with pedar at both measurement appointments.

Notes: April 2026; volume 16, issue 8, article 3792.

Evidence: Methods reports bilateral pedar plantar-pressure recordings alongside motion capture, ground reaction forces and EMG.

Notes: Published 5 June 2026.

Evidence: Full-text methods reports additional walking assessments using pedar for comparison with STAMPS3D.

Notes: First published 13 June 2026.

Evidence: Abstract reports eight skaters wearing pedar-X and IMUs.

Notes: Published 1 January 2026.

Evidence: Indexed primary methods state that test subjects wore pedar-X insoles.

Notes: Available online July 2026; later issue date may differ.

Evidence: Methods: pedar-X quantified in-shoe biomechanical parameters across midsole variants.

Notes: Published 27 August 2026.

Evidence: Ten healthy adults completed walking trials in modular and control footwear. The methods specify pedar-X insoles with 99 capacitive sensors at 100 Hz to measure regional mean and peak pressures across three sessions.

Notes: The footwear setup showed good-to-excellent pressure-measurement repeatability. This evaluates the modular footwear setup, not pedar hardware itself; the Validation & reliability tag is therefore not assigned. The small healthy cohort limits generalization.

Evidence: Twenty-one healthy men walked in randomized footwear conditions. Pedar-X insoles with 99 sensors at 50 Hz recorded regional forces, pressures and time integrals in walker boots, postoperative shoes and standard athletic shoes.

Notes: The experiment concerns postoperative-footwear applications, but participants were not surgical patients. Different offloading patterns and elevated heel loading concern the footwear, not a negative evaluation of pedar. Contralateral footwear height was not equalized.

Evidence: Pedar plantar-pressure measurements during standing were used to check forefoot and heel predictions from the same participant's finite-element foot model in its non-pregnant reference condition.

Notes: Pregnancy-related changes were simulated by varying body weight and tissue stiffness. This is not a pedar measurement study in a pregnant cohort. Pedar supplied reference measurements for model evaluation, rather than being the validation target.

Evidence: The study used pedar at 50 Hz in 23 adults with type 2 diabetes to compare pressure and contact area during walking in three insole conditions and a sock-secured barefoot reference condition.

Notes: The AI-material insole was compared with PORON and cork-EVA insoles. Overall pressure reduction was similar to PORON; regional effects differed. The controlled, short-term experiment did not establish long-term ulcer prevention. First online 18 April 2026; October 2026 issue.

Evidence: Calibrated pedar insoles, each with 99 sensors, recorded in-shoe walking pressures in standardized extra-depth footwear. Separate emed measurements supplied barefoot maps. The final region-mapping analysis included 25 feet from 16 people with diabetes.

Notes: The study compared measurement conditions, not interchangeable readings from identical setups. Footwear and spatial-resolution differences affect interpretation; some high-pressure regions matched while others differed. This is not classified as pedar-device validation.

Evidence: The methods describe pedar insoles with 99 sensors for standing and walking tests with and without insoles. The prefabricated-silicone-insole test is compared with pressure data from three previously published insole studies.

Notes: This is a small pilot comparison incorporating earlier datasets, not a new four-arm clinical trial. Each component study involved one participant; the prefabricated-insole participant was healthy. The diabetic-foot tag describes the design application, not every participant's diagnosis.

Evidence: Experimental comparison of pedar sensorized insoles with the Physiosensing pressure platform.

Evidence: Methods section 2.2 identifies pedar-X as the pressure and centre-of-pressure measurement device.

Evidence: Methods identify PEDAR plantar pressure sampling at 100 Hz.

Evidence: Methods: following STAMPS walking assessments, a final walking assessment used pedar for pressure comparison in the flat condition.

Notes: Published 20 November 2025.

Evidence: Methods describes pedar insoles in six length sizes fitted inside participants' footwear.

Evidence: Clinical assessment included in-shoe plantar pressure measurement with pedar-X, alongside EMED-X barefoot measurement.

Evidence: In a 60-person high-risk diabetes cohort, pedar-X measured in-shoe pressures during walking and standing in participants' most-used footwear. Emed-X barefoot data, activity monitoring and footwear-adherence measurements contributed to a cumulative tissue-stress metric.

Notes: The combined tissue-stress metric did not predict ulceration over 12 months, although it was associated with pre-ulcerative lesions. This is a null finding about the clinical metric, not a finding that pedar failed or was inaccurate.

Evidence: Abstract reports 12 participants wearing pedar-X during three gait tasks.

Evidence: Section 3.4 reports Pedar-X (Novel Co., Munich, Germany), 99 sensors, 50 Hz, used during walking and running in four shoe-sole conditions.

Notes: Published 19 June 2024.

Evidence: During development of a knee-orthosis pressure-testing system, the authors compared a self-made sensor insole on the right foot with a commercial pedar insole on the left during unbraced walking.

Notes: Pedar served as a reference comparison for another sensing system. The paper does not attribute every subsequent orthosis measurement to pedar; measurements from opposite feet are not a same-foot instrument-agreement test. No pedar validation tag is assigned.

Evidence: Pedar insoles with 99 sensors per foot recorded walking pressure at 50 Hz for a neural-network freezing-of-gait detector. Four of 14 recruited participants met the final data-selection criteria.

Notes: The detector showed promising results in this small selected dataset. Transient Bluetooth-recording errors were filtered out; limited freezing episodes also restricted inclusion. This is algorithm development, not broad clinical validation or a claim of error-free recordings.

Evidence: Two cohorts used pedar-X at 50 Hz to measure walking pressures in removable offloading devices or regular footwear. The Netherlands cohort also underwent separate emed-X barefoot measurements.

Notes: The multi-device tissue-stress protocol had poor feasibility and incomplete data, leaving the ulcer-healing analysis underpowered. The authors identify validated measurement methods, but also equipment-sharing, cost, technical and participation difficulties; this is not presented as an unqualified success.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Full article reports Pedar-X measurements in the insole assessment procedures.

Notes: Published 17 August 2023; 4(3):339–355. Full-text copy: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373232153_3D-Printed_Insoles_for_People_with_Type_2_Diabetes_An_Italian_Ambulatory_Case_Report_on_the_Innovative_Care_Model

Evidence: Methods explicitly reports using a pedar-X plantar pressure sensing insole measurement system.

Evidence: Abstract reports peak plantar pressure and pressure-time integral measured using Pedar-X in 27 women.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Online 2021; journal issue 2022.

Evidence: Primary text describes pedar pressure measurements and regional analyses.

Notes: Published online 22 September 2022.

Evidence: Methods: in-shoe peak plantar pressures were measured dynamically with pedar-X.

Evidence: Methods explicitly describe pedar measurement and pedar-X software.

Evidence: Pedar-X supplied ground-truth pressure data for model development and validation.

Evidence: Methods identify a 99-sensor Pedar system sampled at 50 Hz; insoles were measured across four insole and barefoot conditions.

Evidence: Experimental comparison of pedar-X and Moticon in 19 rowers.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Abstract reports pedar-X data from 39 healthy adults.

Evidence: Methods report dynamic in-shoe plantar pressure measured with Pedar-X at 50 Hz.

Notes: Published online in 2020; journal issue April 2021. Counted once under 2021.

Evidence: Full-text methods, page 4: pedar-X used to measure plantar pressure in 23 participants.

Evidence: Methods section 2.5 reports pedar-X measurements before and after the intervention.

Evidence: Methods explicitly states all footwear conditions were tested with pedar-X.

Notes: Published 23 April 2020; accepted in 2019.

Evidence: Abstract explicitly reports Pedar-X plantar pressure measurements in 28 adults across three boot/insole conditions.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Methods describes pedar sensor masks and regional peak pressure calculation across footwear conditions.

Evidence: Abstract/methods: 16 participants; OpenGo experimentally compared with pedar-X insoles and AMTI force plates.

Notes: Online 24 March 2016; journal issue January 2017.

Evidence: Methods explicitly uses Novel pedar-X system and its software to analyze regional plantar loading.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Experimental comparison of pedar, Medilogic and Tekscan.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article methods identify pedar-X in-shoe pressure measurements used to assess footwear modifications.

Evidence: Methods: 45 runners with plantar fasciitis and 30 controls ran wearing pedar-X insoles.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Online 2013; journal issue 2014.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Online 2013; journal issue 2014.

Evidence: Methods reports dynamic in-shoe plantar pressure assessments at study visits with pedar-X; insoles calibrated every three months.

Evidence: Author full text identifies Pedar-X measurements in 38 treadmill runners under three cadence conditions.

Notes: Device-use evidence: author full text at https://www.academia.edu/23590317/The_Effects_of_Running_Cadence_Manipulation_on_Plantar_Loading_in_Healthy_Runners

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Abstract reports Pedar plantar pressure measurements in 21 women wearing three different shoe conditions.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Online 2012; journal issue 2013.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Online 2012; journal issue 2013.

Evidence: In-shoe plantar pressures assessed using pedar-X at delivery and follow-up visits.

Evidence: Article text reports volunteers equipped with the Pedar Insole System for reference measurements.

Notes: Method/protocol article with volunteer reference measurements, not merely a protocol for future data collection.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Abstract: plantar loads collected using a Novel pedar insole sensor system.

Evidence: Full-text methods explicitly identify the in-shoe pedar-X system (Novel GmbH), 99-sensor insoles, 50 Hz sampling and calibration with trublu before measurement.

Verification basis: Primary full-text methods

Application: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy; offloading shoes

Publication date: Published 1 October 2012.

Notes: Sixteen participants were recruited and fourteen included in analysis.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Published online 2010; journal issue September 2011. Counted once under 2011.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Methods report Pedar-X measurements at 50 Hz with 99-sensor insoles in 23 patients.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Abstract: all runners evaluated with pedar system insoles while running 40 metres at approximately 12 km/h.

Notes: Online 2010; journal issue February 2011.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Institutional article abstract reports pedar-X measurements during five daily-life activities.

Evidence: Institutional article abstract explicitly identifies the pedar system.

Evidence: Institutional article abstract reports plantar pressure measured with pedar during tennis serves.

Evidence: Abstract identifies pedar-X measurements in 20 participants during treadmill jogging.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Journal issue 2010; online publication 2009. Included by journal publication year.

Evidence: Article abstract/methods explicitly reports experimental use of the pedar system.

Notes: Journal issue January 2010; published online in 2008. Included by journal publication year.

Evidence: Pedar Mobile supplied the reference weight-bearing measurements against which therapists’ visual estimates were compared in ten hip-arthroplasty patients.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Rehabilitation; partial weight-bearing assessment

Evidence: Pedar-X sensor insoles measured walking pressures in 20 patients across two vacuum orthoses, a postoperative shoe and a reference shoe.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Diabetic foot; vacuum orthoses; offloading

Publication date: Journal issue July 2009; online 24 March 2009.

Evidence: The abstract and methods explicitly identify Pedar-X recordings in a single participant across four athletic-shoe and Heelys walking/skating conditions.

Verification basis: Indexed primary full-text methods and primary abstract

Application: Wheeled footwear; gait case study

Evidence: Pedar-X and an electrogoniometer measured plantar pressure and ankle motion during gait in 31 adults.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Diabetic neuropathy; ankle motion; gait

Publication date: Journal issue October 2009; online 3 June 2009.

Evidence: The abstract specifies Pedar pressure measurements when comparing running shoes across three price ranges.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Running-shoe price; cushioning; comfort

Publication date: Journal issue March 2008; online 11 October 2007.

Evidence: Abstract explicitly reports Pedar in-shoe sensors, with nine randomly selected steps averaged, in 130 participants with painful idiopathic pes cavus.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Painful idiopathic cavus feet; pain location and pressure

Publication date: Online 24 January 2007; journal issue January 2008.

Evidence: Publisher-hosted original abstract explicitly identifies Novel Pedar in-shoe capacitance transducers in 16 participants with CMT and painful pes cavus.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract reproduced on publisher author page

Application: Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease; painful cavus feet

Publication date: Online 23 May 2008; journal issue November 2008.

Evidence: Novel Pedar model-W insoles recorded plantar pressure at 100 Hz in five men performing walking, running, cutting, landing and step-down trials.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Sensor-layout development; ankle supination torque

Evidence: The abstract reports pedar-m expert measurements in 26 volunteers testing four insoles in military boots.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Military footwear; metatarsal loading

Publication date: Journal issue April 2008; online 9 August 2007.

Evidence: The publisher abstract identifies Novel Pedar-mobile measurements when comparing flat, CAD-CAM and foam-impression orthoses.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Orthoses; CAD-CAM versus foam impression

Evidence: Pedar-X insoles recorded pressures in 36 athletes performing side-cut and cross-cut tasks in four cleat configurations.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Football cleats; cutting maneuvers

Publication date: Journal issue April 2008; online 23 August 2007.

Evidence: Pedar recorded in-shoe pressures in 35 volunteers walking with six brands of heel insert.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Heel inserts; forefoot loading

Publication date: Journal issue November 2008; online 22 April 2008.

Evidence: Pedar recorded heel loading in 35 asymptomatic subjects walking with six commercial heel-insert designs.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Heel inserts; cost comparison; pressure attenuation

Publication date: Journal issue September 2008; published online in 2007.

Notes: Same authors, sample size and insert comparison as the separate 2008 forefoot-pressure article; likely overlapping cohort, not an independent-participant count.

Evidence: The abstract specifies Novel Pedar-X measurements during overground running in 22 athletes across two neutral-cushioned shoes and a control.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Running shoes; cavus feet; cushioning and comfort

Publication date: Online 24 June 2008; journal issue November 2008.

Notes: Publisher author heading incorrectly splits an academic qualification into an extra author; the three named researchers are retained.

Evidence: The primary abstract explicitly names the Novel Pedar-X insole system for pressure, pressure-time integral and contact-area measurements in 26 participants across four conditions.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Walking boot design; offloading

Evidence: The abstract reports 99-sensor X-Pedar measurements in ten experienced players during serve-and-volley and baseline movements on clay and Greenset.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Tennis; playing surfaces

Publication date: Journal issue November 2007; online 12 June 2007.

Evidence: The abstract identifies a Pedar Insole-system for treadmill pressure measurements in 20 patients testing twelve insole configurations.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Diabetic neuropathy; insole design

Publication date: Journal issue January 2007; online 13 October 2006.

Evidence: The original article evaluates repeatability and reference plantar-pressure values using the Pedar in-shoe system.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Repeatability; reference values

Publication date: Journal issue March 2007; online 7 July 2006.

Evidence: The abstract identifies the Pedar pressure-measurement system for the comparison of MBT footwear with flat-bottomed training shoes.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Unstable footwear; shoe comparison

Publication date: Journal issue April 2007; first published online 9 August 2006.

Evidence: Equipment section explicitly identifies the Pedar Mobile System (Novel GmbH), with 99 sensors; 15 male soccer players were tested in three boot types across four movements.

Verification basis: Indexed full-text methods

Application: Soccer; bilateral loading asymmetry

Publication date: Journal issue February 2007; online 24 November 2006.

Notes: Likely participant/data overlap with DOI 10.1136/bjsm.2006.030668, based on matching cohort characteristics and movement tasks; publications are distinct, experiments may not be independent.

Evidence: Equipment section identifies the Pedar Mobile System (Novel GmbH), 99 sensors, 50 Hz; 15 male soccer players performed four movements.

Verification basis: Indexed full-text methods

Application: Soccer; movement-specific plantar pressure

Publication date: Journal issue February 2007; online 18 December 2006.

Notes: Participant characteristics and movement protocol match the companion preferred/non-preferred-foot article, DOI 10.1136/bjsm.2006.030908; likely overlapping dataset, not established as independent experiments.

Evidence: The explanatory-outcome section reports Pedar-mobile measurements at 50 Hz in a trial of 154 participants receiving custom orthoses or sham insoles.

Verification basis: Indexed primary full-text methods

Application: Painful cavus foot; randomized orthosis trial

Notes: A related 2008 Clinical Biomechanics abstract has the same study title; not counted as another full journal report here.

Evidence: The abstract names the Pedar cable system (Novel) for measurements in 10 healthy volunteers comparing two shoe designs during compliant and noncompliant use.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Postoperative forefoot-relief shoes

Evidence: The primary abstract reports Pedar cable measurements before and six months after insole provision in 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Rheumatoid arthritis; foot orthoses

Notes: German-language article. Original title: Die Einlagenversorgung des rheumatischen Fusses. Eine klinische und pedobarographische Analyse.

Evidence: Pedar insoles underwent seven-hour static loading and repeated dynamic loading; accuracy and between-day repeatability were evaluated.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Bench validation; drift; long-duration loading

Publication date: Journal issue 2006; online 2 November 2005.

Evidence: The study compares Pedar Mobile vertical forces with Kistler force-platform measurements over seven hours, including drift correction.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Long-duration validity; force measurement

Publication date: Journal issue 2006; first published online 23 December 2004.

Evidence: The methods specify Pedar (Novel GmbH, Munich) for measuring plantar pressure in 77 patients receiving custom-made shoes.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Degenerative foot disorders; orthopaedic shoes

Evidence: The abstract identifies Pedar-X measurements in 16 experienced practitioners during Tai Chi and walking.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Tai Chi; single-leg stance

Publication date: Journal issue July 2006; online 9 March 2006.

Evidence: The primary abstract identifies Pedar measurement of plantar pressures in 16 healthy volunteers comparing four offloading devices with a control shoe.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Offloading footwear and casting

Evidence: Methods identify the Pedar Mobile system with 99-sensor insoles at 50 Hz; nine younger and six older adults were assessed.

Verification basis: Full-text methods

Application: Aging; gait and regional foot loading

Publication date: Published 19 May 2005.

Evidence: The abstract reports Novel Pedar measurements in 13 schoolchildren negotiating stairs with different loads and bag-carrying methods.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Children; load carriage; stairs

Publication date: Journal issue 2005; DOI includes 2004.

Evidence: Novel Pedar recorded plantar pressures in 20 subjects walking on carpet, grass and concrete, with and without shoes.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Walking surfaces; footwear

Evidence: The article identifies Pedar in-shoe measurements in a 16-person reliability sample and a 50-athlete comparison sample.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Reliability; sex differences; contact area

Evidence: The abstract reports Pedar Mobile measurements in 21 experienced male soccer players performing four maneuvers on grass and red-cinder surfaces.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Soccer; sport-specific loading

Evidence: The abstract explicitly reports Pedar measurements in 10 healthy participants comparing a running shoe, a plaster-based total contact cast and an all-fiberglass cast.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Total contact casting; plantar offloading

Notes: The related 2002 Hartsell paper also describes 10 healthy participants and casting. Whether participants overlapped was not established.

Evidence: Abstract explicitly identifies Pedar capacitive insoles in prolonged walking with heavy loads and describes correction for sensor creep using standing trials.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Long-duration measurement; sensor drift correction

Evidence: Abstract explicitly identifies Novel EMED PEDAR measurements in 28 healthy adults across six footwear/cast conditions.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Total contact casts; cast shoes and heels

Notes: Explicit in-shoe Pedar device attribution despite combined historical EMED PEDAR wording.

Evidence: English abstract explicitly reports in-shoe measurements with PEDAR (Novel, Munich) during simulated weight gain and unloading; combined group n=10.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Diabetic neuropathy; simulated body-weight changes

Notes: German-language article. Original title: Der Einfluss des Körpergewichts auf den plantaren Spitzendruck beim Diabetiker. Untersuchungen mit simulierter Gewichtsveränderung.

Evidence: Abstract explicitly identifies Pedar capacitive sensor insoles used during seated cycling at a controlled 400 W to compare carbon-composite and plastic soles.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Cycling footwear; outsole stiffness

Evidence: The abstract explicitly reports Novel Pedar measurements in 18 healthy subjects comparing a diabetic walking boot with fiberglass casting.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Diabetic walking boot; total contact cast comparison

Evidence: Novel Pedar measured contralateral forefoot and heel pressures in ten healthy subjects walking in shoe and two casting conditions.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Casting; contralateral foot loading

Evidence: Abstract reports five bench experiments directly testing Pedar and F-Scan, including pressure level, calibration, duration and insole age; sampled at 50 Hz.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Bench validation; calibration; comparison with F-Scan

Publication date: Journal publication 20 June 2002. Publisher webpage gives later digitization/online date (9 November 2010), not used as the publication year.

Evidence: Abstract explicitly states that Pedar in-shoe sensors recorded loading during squats; three postoperative groups and one control group each contained 24 participants.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: ACL reconstruction; squat loading asymmetry

Notes: Brief original research report.

Evidence: The original abstract specifies the Novel Pedar system for plantar-pressure measurements in 50 people with diabetes.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Diabetes; determinants of plantar pressure

Evidence: Abstract reports the PEDAR device (Novel, Munich) in 16 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis; two insoles were placed between Boston-brace pads and the body.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Scoliosis; brace–body interface force

Publication date: Online 1 March 2002; journal issue August 2002.

Notes: Non-foot application: Pedar insoles used as interface pressure sensors.

Evidence: The abstract compares Pedar and Kistler force-platform measurements in five healthy subjects across barefoot and three footwear conditions.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Instrument comparison

Publication date: Corrected and republished version, May 2001; original publication December 2000, 15(10):781–785.

Notes: PubMed explicitly links this as corrected and republished from DOI 10.1016/S0268-0033(00)00048-6 (PMID 11050363). Counted once, using the corrected 2001 citation. The original 2000 version is not counted separately.

Evidence: English abstract states that pressure distribution measurements and analysis used the Pedar in-shoe system; ten healthy subjects tested four therapeutic-footwear configurations.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Therapeutic footwear; walking speed

Notes: German-language article. Original title: Der Einfluss der Geschwindigkeit beim Gehen auf die Druckverteilung bei orthopädieschuhtechnischer Versorgung.

Evidence: Pedar measured plantar loading in nine healthy subjects wearing a running shoe, total contact cast and customized pneumatic walking brace.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Offloading; total contact casts and braces

Evidence: The instrumentation section specifies the EMED Pedar in-shoe system at 50 Hz; 30 subjects were measured during walking.

Verification basis: Indexed primary full-text methods

Application: Gait symmetry; reference values

Notes: Despite the EMED prefix used in the article, the described device is explicitly the Pedar in-shoe system, not an emed platform.

Evidence: The abstract identifies Pedar in-shoe measurements in 20 participants walking at five treadmill gradients.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Incline and decline walking

Evidence: Pedar in-shoe loading was evaluated across two testing days and several slow treadmill-running speeds.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Application: Measurement reliability; running speed

Evidence: The analysis-equipment section identifies PEDAR at 50 Hz for plantar-pressure and force measurements in 22 participants.

Verification basis: Indexed primary full-text methods

Application: Foot orthoses; pronated feet

Evidence: In-shoe measurements during evaluation of foot orthoses in rheumatoid arthritis.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Evidence: In-shoe pressure measurements in people with diabetic forefoot ulcers.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Evidence: Plantar loading during treadmill running before and after fatigue.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Evidence: Total-contact insole and foot measurements compared with finite-element analysis.

Verification basis: Author-institution publication record and abstract

Notes: No DOI was retrieved. Utilization/model-comparison study, not independent validation of pedar itself.

Evidence: In-shoe plantar pressures under experimentally increased body loading.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Evidence: Timing of plantar loading during walking with soft and rigid foot orthotics.

Verification basis: Author-institution publication record and abstract

Evidence: Offloading at ulcer sites and loading of the opposite foot during total-contact casting.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Evidence: Reliability of in-shoe pressure measurements at different treadmill walking speeds.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract

Notes: The abstract names pedar and also describes the sensor insoles as EMED insoles.

Evidence: In-shoe pressure measurements during comparison of casts, removable walkers and therapeutic shoes.

Verification basis: Primary article abstract