Overview Applications Technology Specifications Research Downloads

01 / The system

A flexible surface.
A precise view.

pliance systems* offer the state of the art technology for pressure distribution measurement between hard, soft and curved surfaces. The systems consist of a flexible and elastic measuring sensor mat, a multi-channel analyser, a calibration device and a software package for PC.

01

Sensor mat

Flexible, elastic sensing surface

02

Analyser

Multi-channel data acquisition

03

Calibration

Individual sensor calibration

04

Software

Measurement and scientific analysis

Find your configuration
pressure mapping mat - pressure detection by pliance system

THE REAL SYSTEM · pliance mat + plidar electronics

256 / 1,024

Sensors · xf-16 / xf-32

20,000

Sensors scanned per second

63

Journal articles in the research library

03 / Sensor technology

Built to follow
the shape of contact.

Capacitive sensing.
Flexible configurations.
Individual calibration.

pliance sensor mat application

Sensor configurations for different measurement needs

The pliance sensors

pliance sensors are available in various sizes, sensor configurations and pressure ranges. That is why the pliance system is used for various applications e.g. in sports, biomechanics, industry, research, and development.

As in all physical measuring systems the most important part is the sensor technology. pliance works with capacitive transducers in a matrix configuration. The elasticity of the sensor permits perfect conformability to three-dimensional and soft surfaces. The pressure transducing elements contain high-tech elastomers manufactured by novel. Restoring force, range of force, threshold, hysteresis, temperature effect, frequency response, and other characteristics are determined during the manufacturing process. This makes it possible to adapt the sensor characteristic to different measuring needs. 

Talk about your sensor requirements

04 / From contact to data

See the loading.
Understand the pattern.

The pliance data acquisition software

The software operates as a Windows or Mac application and contains many useful methods of data collection and scientific analysis of dynamic pressure distribution. It also allows continuous data storage in online mode and data handling with a configurable SQL database. The expert can design the parameter configuration to specific needs and exchange data with colleagues via HTML protocol. Different levels of pliance measuring software are available.

Body pressure mapping - pressure measurement sensor mat - pliance

An existing pliance measurement and software example

05 / System configurations

The right system
for your question.

Compare the pliance options.
We’ll help match the mat, analyser
and software to your application.

pliance analyser specifications
Specificationpliance xf-16pliance xf-32pliance-medical
Number of sensors2561,024256 / 1,024
Scanning rate20,000 sensors/second20,000 sensors/second20,000 sensors/second
Dimensions150 × 100 × 40 mm150 × 100 × 40 mm150 × 100 × 40 mm
Power supplyNiMH batteryNiMH batteryNiMH battery
Certification listed——CE certified, according to Directive 93/42/EEC

Computer interface

Bluetooth, WiFi (plidar electronics), USB, SD card

Operating system

Current Windows OS, Mac

Sync option

Fibre optic / TTL, sync in and out

Two kinds of pliance analysers are available: The pliance-xf-16 device scans an array of up to 16*16 sensors, while the pliance-xf-32 device scans larger sensor arrays with up to 32*32 sensors, which is typical for larger seat mats and special high-resolution sensor mats. A master-slave synchronisation of two pliance-xf-32 device allows to operate even more complex configurations, for instance sensor mats to cover bed mattresses.

novel developed an analyser technology that allows not only individual calibration curves for each sensor, but also individual dynamic amplification control and crosstalk suppression, resulting in very accurate and reproducible pressure values. The pliance analyser communicates with the PC via Bluetooth, or alternatively via fibre optic/USB interface. For recordings independently from PC the system can be triggered manually and record data on SD card.

Not sure which configuration fits?

06 / In motion

Contact doesn’t
stand still.

Explore pliance in use.

07 / Confidence in the measurement

Precision starts
with calibration.

trublu calibration device

With the aid of the trublu calibration device, all pliance sensors are individually and simultaneously calibrated with homogeneous air pressure. Calibration guarantees accurate and reproducible data collection.

The calibration device can be used at any time to verify the quality of the measuring results. It uses homogeneous air pressure on all sensors through increasing steps of pressure. Thus an individual calibration curve for each sensor can be calculated. The software contains many useful methods of data collection and scientific analysis of dynamic pressure. It also allows continuous memory of data.

08 / Art in science

Built for questions.
Used in research.

Explore journal articles using pliance.
Search by application, author or DOI
and follow the original sources.

publication list utilized novel pressure and force measurement sensors

pliance journal articles

Publication years 1998–2026 · Journal articles only

Browse journal articles using pliance. Search by application, title, author, journal or DOI, or open a publication period below.

77journal articles

2024–202616 articles

P004 · 2026

Comparing Pressure, Force, and Contact Area over the Projected Median Nerve Region Across Cycling Glove Conditions: A Pilot Study

Reffeor W; Wisby G. Biomechanics 6(3):77.

Primary application: Cycling

System: pliance-x

DOI: 10.3390/biomechanics6030077 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand pressure / cycling gloves

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Study abstract specifies pliance-x wrapped around the handlebar to measure hand-interface pressure in 13 cyclists.

Note: Publisher article and version notes give publication as 26 August 2026; some third-party records show 25 August.

P065 · 2026

Effect of a Spinal Orthosis With Leaf Spring and Programmable Local Vibration on Kyphosis Angle and Trunk Muscle Strength in Hyperkyphosis: Development and Feasibility Study

Keshavarzi F; Arazpour M; Behzadipour S. JMIR Biomedical Engineering 11:e82013.

Primary application: Casting & braces

System: pliance system; 16 × 16 cm pressure array

DOI: 10.2196/82013 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Spinal orthosis development; vibration-probe contact loading

Evidence of use: Bench-testing Methods and the mechanical-pressure Results explicitly name the pliance system. Measurements were made in free vibration and between an orthosis-mounted probe and a healthy volunteer’s back.

Study notes: Pressure measurements belong to the technical testing phase. Separate clinical phases included a short wear assessment in 10 people and a four-week single-participant pilot; their clinical outcomes must not all be interpreted as pliance measurements.

P064 · 2026

Immediate clinical and neuromechanical effects of cervical spine manipulation compared to cervical spine mobilization among individuals with chronic neck pain: a randomized mechanistic cross-over trial

Bouqartacha S; Conconi D; Schwendenmann Y; Piché M; Schweinhardt P; Descarreaux M; Gorrell LM. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 34:49.

Primary application: Manual therapy

System: pliance-xf-16 Medical; customized 50-sensor pressure mat at 200 Hz

DOI: 10.1186/s12998-026-00674-8 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Cervical manual therapy; force–time profiles and neuromechanical responses

Evidence of use: The force–time measurement Methods explicitly name pliance-xf-16 Medical and a customized pliance mat placed at the clinician–participant cervical interface. Recorded forces identified intervention peaks and time windows for the separate electromyography analysis.

Study notes: 89 people were recruited; 87 contributed to the clinical analysis and 53 to the electromyography analysis. Technical problems with intervention time-event markers and unusable force–time profiles prevented synchronization for the remaining electromyography records; the paper does not isolate a pliance hardware fault. Statistically significant treatment differences did not reach clinical significance. This is not a validation of the sensor.

P002 · 2026

Knitted Pneumatic Fabrics for Dynamic Pressure Modulation in Personalized Healthcare Wearables

Chen X; Fan J; Zheng R; Chen Q; Sun F; Liu H. Advanced Science 13(27):e18305.

Primary application: Compression garments

System: pliance

DOI: 10.1002/advs.202518305 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression and textiles

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: A Novel Pliance system measured garment pressure in objective tests of knitted pneumatic compression fabrics.

Note: First online 27 March 2026; issue dated 13 May 2026.

P003 · 2026

Peak pressure experienced by the human hand during suspension and vertical climbing

Lockwood VA; Lu S-C; Winter SL; Yang H; Kivell TL. Biology Open 15(8):bio062562.

Primary application: Climbing

System: Pliance-xf 32; S2119 mat

DOI: 10.1242/bio.062562 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand pressure / climbing

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Methods connect a 512-sensor S2119 mat to a Pliance-xf 32 analyser during suspension and climbing.

Note: Online publication 20 August 2026.

P001 · 2026

Under pressure - a sensor-based analysis of simulated prehospital pressure dressing application for hemorrhage management

Brauckmann V; Menzel J; Welke B; Decker S; Macke C. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 52:192.

Primary application: Pressure dressings

System: pliance; 16- and 45-field sensors

DOI: 10.1007/s00068-026-03247-9 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Clinical procedures

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Two capacitive pliance sensors measured forearm pressure during simulated application of pressure dressings.

Note: Published 15 June 2026.

P005 · 2026

Under pressure: The effect of system, surface geometry, and load on the measure of contact pressure

Thompson A; Shepertycky M; Zhang J-T; Bryant T; Morin E; Sy A; Bossi L; Li Q. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 114:103969.

Primary application: Validation & reliability

System: pliance

DOI: 10.1016/j.ergon.2026.103969 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Sensor validation and engineering

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: The study experimentally compared Novel Pliance, Tekscan I-Scan and XSENSOR X3 under varied loads and surface geometries.

Note: Journal publication July 2026; a 2025 SSRN preprint is not counted separately.

P067 · 2025

Biomechanical Characteristics of One-Finger Zen Push Method Applied at the Fengchi Acupoint in Traditional Chinese Tuina Therapy

Shi M; Sun W; Li J; Guo L; Wu Z; Fang M; Zhu Q. Journal of Medical Biomechanics 40(2).

Primary application: Tuina

System: Novel Pliance-X 32 Expert glove pressure-distribution system

DOI: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.02.028 · Article source · English abstract

Study details and source notes

Application: Tuina technique quantification; practitioner force levels

Evidence of use: The publisher’s Chinese and English abstracts explicitly identify Novel Pliance-X 32 Expert for recording mechanical parameters from 10 senior Tuina practitioners at three self-selected force intensities.

Study notes: Original Chinese title: 中医推拿一指禅推法定点风池穴下的生物力学特征. Three-minute trials were recorded, with the stable middle minute analysed. The reported reproducibility concerns the practitioners’ technique.

P007 · 2025

Comfort During Motion: Analyzing the Pressure Profile of Auxetic Bra Pads

Keung Y-C; Yick K-L; Yip J; Yu A. Materials 18(22):5071.

Primary application: Bras & apparel

System: pliance X

DOI: 10.3390/ma18225071 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression and textiles

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Novel Pliance X measurements compared bra-pad pressures during standing and cycling conditions.

Note: Published 7 November 2025.

P009 · 2025

Comparison of Rein Forces and Pressure Beneath the Noseband and Headpiece of a Snaffle Bridle and a Double Bridle

MacKechnie-Guire R; Clayton HM; Williams JM; Marlin D; Fisher M; Fisher D; Walker V; Murray RC. Animals 15(7):1058.

Primary application: Bridle & noseband pressure

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.3390/ani15071058 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / bridles

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods use three pressure mats with acquisition and synchronized video controlled through the Pliance system.

Note: Published 5 April 2025.

P008 · 2025

Effect of bed height on laryngoscopy force and operator ergonomics during simulated endotracheal intubation: A randomized controlled study

Lee JE; Hong KY; Chung C; Min JJ. PLOS ONE 20(10):e0333104.

Primary application: Airway management

System: pliance; custom 42-sensel blade sensor

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0333104 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Clinical procedures

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: A custom pliance sensor on a Macintosh laryngoscope blade recorded force during simulated intubation.

Note: Published 10 October 2025.

P006 · 2025

Facial pressure beneath a cavesson noseband adjusted to different tightness levels during standing and chewing

Clayton HM; Murray R; Williams JM; Walker V; Fisher M; Fisher D; Nixon J; MacKechnie-Guire R. Equine Veterinary Journal 57(4):1127–1137.

Primary application: Bridle & noseband pressure

System: Pliance miniature mats

DOI: 10.1111/evj.14451 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / bridles

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods identify Pliance mats and cables for nasal and mandibular pressure measurements.

Note: 2025 journal issue; online in December 2024. Later commentaries are not counted.

P011 · 2025

Force variability of thoracic spine mobilization and manipulation delivered by experienced physiotherapists to healthy human volunteers and a manikin: an observational study

Thurnherr N; Schweinhardt P; Gorrell LM. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 33:56.

Primary application: Manual therapy

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.1186/s12998-025-00619-7 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Manual therapy / spinal manipulation

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Methods identify a flexible Novel pliance pad between the clinician's hand and recipient.

Note: Published 9 December 2025.

P010 · 2025

Noseband type and tightness level affect pressure on the horse's face at trot

MacKechnie-Guire R; Murray R; Williams JM; Nixon J; Fisher M; Fisher D; Walker V; Clayton HM. Equine Veterinary Journal 57(3):774–788.

Primary application: Bridle & noseband pressure

System: Pliance miniature mats

DOI: 10.1111/evj.14420 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / bridles

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Methods specify two 64-sensor Pliance mats over the nasal bones and beneath the mandibular rami.

Note: 2025 journal issue; online 21 September 2024.

P068 · 2024

Morphing torso mannequin for pressure measurement and scoliotic brace efficacy evaluation

Lee K-P; Lu C; Kwok H-T; Zhang J; Fok Q; Yick K-L; Yip J. Fashion and Textiles 11:41.

Primary application: Casting & braces

System: pliance-xf-16 with 3 × 3 socket sensors

DOI: 10.1186/s40691-024-00410-x · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Morphing mannequin and scoliosis-brace interface pressure

Evidence of use: The paper’s pressure-measurement procedure explicitly uses pliance-xf-16 with 3 × 3 socket sensors on a morphing torso mannequin wearing an anisotropic textile brace, measuring along the under-bust, waist and pelvis levels.

Study notes: Mannequin/brace evaluation. Comparisons with human brace data are linked to earlier work and must not be counted as a wholly independent patient cohort.

P012 · 2024

Variability and repeatability of spinal manipulation force–time characteristics in thoracic spinal manipulation on a manikin

Nyirö L; Gorrell LM; Cecchini V; Menon C; Elgendi M; Schweinhardt P. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 32:33.

Primary application: Manual therapy

System: Pliance-xf-16 / PXF440

DOI: 10.1186/s12998-024-00551-2 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Manual therapy / spinal manipulation

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Methods specify a Novel pliance-xf-16 system, PXF440 analyser and 11×16 sensor matrix.

Note: Published 11 November 2024.

2019–202326 articles

P013 · 2023

A Novel Force-Sensing Smart Textile: Inserting Silicone-Embedded FBG Sensors into a Knitted Undergarment

Lee K-P; Yip J; Yick K-L; Lu C; Lu L; Lei Q-WE. Sensors 23(11):5145.

Primary application: Smart textiles

System: pliance X

DOI: 10.3390/s23115145 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Sensor validation and engineering

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Pliance X served as a conventional comparator during testing of embedded fibre-Bragg-grating sensors.

Note: Published 28 May 2023.

P069 · 2023

Analysis of Force Profile Features in Spinal Manipulation Therapy

Elgendi M; Cecchini V; Nyirö L; Gorrell LM; Schweinhardt P; Menon C. IEEE Access 11:133386–133393.

Primary application: Spinal manipulation

System: pliance-xf-16; 11 × 16 sensor matrix at 100 Hz

DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3332754 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Automated analysis of spinal-manipulation force–time profiles

Evidence of use: The original article’s measurement section identifies pliance-xf-16 and an 11 × 16 sensor matrix sampled at 100 Hz. Force–time profiles from manikin manipulations supported development and evaluation of an automated feature-annotation toolbox.

Study notes: The dataset contains 1,233 manipulation profiles. Related to the research programme represented by Nyirö et al. (2024, P012); separate papers must not be interpreted as separate clinician cohorts without confirmation.

P015 · 2023

Pressure sensing mat as an objective and sensitive tool for the evaluation of lameness in rabbits

von der Ahe C; Marahrens H; Schwarze M; Angrisani N; Reifenrath J. PLOS ONE 18(7):e0286918.

Primary application: Veterinary gait

System: pliance pressure mat

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286918 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Animal locomotion

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: The study used a novel pliance pressure mat to quantify limb loading and lameness in rabbits.

Note: Published 7 July 2023.

P070 · 2023

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals brain remodeling after Tuina therapy in neuropathic pain model

Wu Z; Guo G; Zhang Y; Li Y; He T; Zhu Q; Kong L; Fang M. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 16:1231374.

Primary application: Tuina

System: Novel Pliance-X 32 Expert

DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1231374 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Tuina force standardization in a rat neuropathic-pain experiment

Evidence of use: Section 2.3 explicitly states that Novel Pliance-X 32 Expert was used to standardize the manual intervention to 5 ± 0.5 N at 2 Hz. The protocol involved daily thumb pressing and rubbing at BL40; magnetic resonance imaging measured the separate brain outcomes.

Study notes: Thirty male rats were allocated to three groups. Preclinical mechanistic study, not evidence of clinical efficacy in humans.

P014 · 2023

Saddle Thigh Block Design Can Influence Rider and Horse Biomechanics

Murray R; Fisher M; Fairfax V; MacKechnie-Guire R. Animals 13(13):2127.

Primary application: Rider–saddle interface

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.3390/ani13132127 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / rider-saddle interface

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods place a Pliance pressure mat on top of the saddle beneath a protective cover.

Note: Published 27 June 2023.

P017 · 2022

A study to evaluate pressure distribution of different sports bras

Ocran FM; Ji X; Zhai L. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics.

Primary application: Bras & apparel

System: pliance X

DOI: 10.1177/15589250221118643 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression and textiles

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Novel Pliance X recorded bra pressure in static and dynamic upper-body conditions.

P071 · 2022

Design and fabrication of anisotropic textile brace for exerting corrective forces on spinal curvature

Fok Q; Yip J; Yick K-L; Ng S-P. Journal of Industrial Textiles 51(1_suppl):1682S–1702S.

Primary application: Casting & braces

System: pliance-xf-16; six single pressure sensors

DOI: 10.1177/15280837211032619 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Scoliosis-brace development and immediate brace–body interface loading

Evidence of use: The study-design Methods explicitly identify pliance-xf-16 with six sensors of 78 mm² sensing area and a 0–60 kPa range. Sensors were placed at the corrective components and pelvis belt during standing.

Study notes: Full-length journal article in a supplement, not a conference abstract. Five girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis participated in the immediate brace-effect case series; a separate 21-person body-scan dataset informed design. First online 14 July 2021, June 2022 issue. The paper evaluates a brace and does not independently validate pliance.

P018 · 2022

Forces and translation distance during an inferior glide of the shoulder in asymptomatic individuals measured with the novel pliance glove and ultrasound imaging

Sillevis R; Todd RM; Speare JP; Shamus E; van Duijn AJ. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 29:92–98.

Primary application: Manual therapy

System: Pliance glove

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.09.022 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Manual therapy / shoulder mobilization

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Study title and abstract identify the pliance glove used to quantify manipulation force in 64 healthy participants.

Note: 2022 journal issue; online 8 October 2021.

P020 · 2022

Redundancy Reduction for Sensor Deployment in Prosthetic Socket: A Case Study

Zhu W; Chen Y; Ko S-T; Lu Z. Sensors 22(9):3103.

Primary application: Prosthetic sockets

System: pliance; S2006 strips

DOI: 10.3390/s22093103 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Prosthetics and orthotics

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: A Pliance acquisition device and two Novel S2006 pressure-sensor strips collected prosthetic-socket data.

Note: Published 19 April 2022.

P019 · 2022

Sports Bra Pressure: Effect on Body Skin Temperature and Wear Comfort

Yick K-L; Keung Y-C; Yu A; Wong K-H; Hui K-T; Yip J. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(23):15765.

Primary application: Bras & apparel

System: Pliance-X

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315765 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Apparel / sports bras

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Indexed methods identify Novel Pliance-X for bra-skin interface pressure measurements.

Note: Published 26 November 2022.

P016 · 2022

The effects of different saddle pads on the pressure exerted on the equine back by correctly fitting dressage saddles

Dittmann M; Hess N; Arpagaus S; Müller-Quirin J; Weishaupt M; Latif S. Pferdeheilkunde – Equine Medicine 38(2):100–108.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance-S

DOI: 10.21836/PEM20220201 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pressure

Verification: Abstract in author-deposited repository

Evidence of use: The author-deposited abstract explicitly states that measurements in eight horses used the Pliance-S system (Novel) at all gaits and on both reins.

P021 · 2021

A Systematic Approach to Comparing Thermal Activity of the Thoracic Region and Saddle Pressure Distribution beneath the Saddle in a Group of Non-Lame Sports Horses

MacKechnie-Guire R; Fisher M; Mathie H; Kuczynska K; Fairfax V; Fisher D; Pfau T. Animals 11(4):1105.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance pressure mat

DOI: 10.3390/ani11041105 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pressure

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: The abstract explicitly identifies a Pliance (Novel) pressure mat used to measure mean and peak saddle pressures.

Note: Published 13 April 2021.

P022 · 2021

Effect of a Half Pad on Pressure Distribution in Sitting Trot and Canter Beneath a Saddle Fitted to Industry Guidelines

MacKechnie-Guire R; Fisher M; Pfau T. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 96:103307.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance / MSA600

DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103307 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pads

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: The abstract explicitly states that a Pliance (Novel) pressure mat determined saddle pressures.

Note: 2021 journal issue; online in 2020.

P025 · 2021

Effectiveness of topical silicone gel and pressure garment therapy for burn scar prevention and management in children 12-months postburn: A parallel group randomised controlled trial

Wiseman J; Simons M; Kimble R; Ware RS; McPhail SM; Tyack Z. Clinical Rehabilitation 35(8):1126–1141.

Primary application: Burns & scars

System: Pliance X

DOI: 10.1177/02692155211020351 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression garments / burns

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods state that Pliance X measured pressure at one scar site at follow-ups when equipment was available.

Note: Distinct 12-month follow-up article from the same trial as the 2020 report.

P024 · 2021

Kinetics of stone tool production among novice and expert tool makers

Williams-Hatala EM et al.. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 174(4):714–727.

Primary application: Hand function

System: pliance manual pressure system

DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24159 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand function and anthropology

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Novel Pliance sensors measured hand pressures during stone-tool production by novice and expert makers.

Note: Journal issue 2021; first online 27 October 2020.

P023 · 2021

Textile-based Pressure Sensors for Monitoring Prosthetic-Socket Interfaces

Tabor J; Agcayazi T; Fleming A; Thompson B; Kapoor A; Liu M; Lee MY; Huang H; Bozkurt A; Ghosh TK. IEEE Sensors Journal 21(7):9413–9422.

Primary application: Prosthetic sockets

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3053434 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Prosthetics / sensor development

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Indexed full text identifies Pliance measurements to locate high-pressure regions during phantom and participant socket trials.

P072 · 2021

“Feel the Force”—Prevalence of Subjectively Assessed Saddle Fit Problems in Swiss Riding Horses and Their Association With Saddle Pressure Measurements and Back Pain

Dittmann MT; Arpagaus S; Hungerbühler V; Weishaupt MA; Latif SN. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 99:103388.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance Saddle System

DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103388 · Article source · Full-text evidence

Study details and source notes

Application: Saddle fit, saddle-pressure patterns and equine back pain

Evidence of use: The original article’s pressure-measurement Methods explicitly place a Pliance Saddle System mat beneath the saddle and customary saddle pad during a standardized riding test.

Study notes: Some fit problems were associated with measured pressure patterns, but absolute pressure magnitude had only limited association with back pain. This is a limitation of using pressure alone as a clinical indicator, not a finding that the sensor failed. Results may share measurements with related publications from the same Swiss horse study.

P026 · 2020

Customized Fabrication Approach for Hypertrophic Scar Treatment: 3D Printed Fabric Silicone Composite

Chow L; Yick K-L; Kwan M-Y; Yuen C-F; Ng S-P; Yu A; Yip J. International Journal of Bioprinting 6(2):262.

Primary application: Burns & scars

System: Pliance X

DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v6i2.262 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression garments / scar treatment

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: University repository abstract explicitly reports Pliance X pressure evaluation of customized silicone inserts.

P030 · 2020

Effect of Contacting Surface on the Performance of Thin-Film Force and Pressure Sensors

Tang K-PM et al.. Sensors 20(23):6863.

Primary application: Validation & reliability

System: pliance X

DOI: 10.3390/s20236863 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Sensor validation and engineering

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Pliance X pressure sensors were tested alongside SingleTact and FlexiForce devices on different contacting surfaces.

P031 · 2020

Effectiveness of topical silicone gel and pressure garment therapy for burn scar prevention and management in children: a randomized controlled trial

Wiseman J; Ware RS; Simons M; McPhail S; Kimble R; Dotta A; Tyack Z. Clinical Rehabilitation 34(1):120–131.

Primary application: Burns & scars

System: Pliance X

DOI: 10.1177/0269215519877516 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression garments / burns

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods include Pliance X interface-pressure assessment in the completed randomized trial.

Note: 2020 journal issue; online 30 September 2019. Protocol not counted separately.

P028 · 2020

Longitudinal Evaluation of Pressure Applied by Custom Fabricated Garments Worn by Adult Burn Survivors

Nedelec B; de Oliveira A; Calva V; Couture M-A; Poulin C; LaSalle L; Correa JA. Journal of Burn Care & Research 41(2):254–262.

Primary application: Burns & scars

System: Pliance X

DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz154 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression garments / burns

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Article methods describe calibration and use of the Pliance X system for garment-interface measurements.

Note: 2020 journal issue; online in 2019.

P027 · 2020

Soft manikin as tool to evaluate bra features and pressure

Lee C-W; Yick K-L; Ng S-P; Yip J. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education 13(2):204–212.

Primary application: Bras & apparel

System: Pliance-X

DOI: 10.1080/17543266.2020.1762249 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Apparel / bras

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Abstract identifies Pliance-X measurement of underwire, strap, band and cup contact pressures.

P029 · 2020

The effects of rider size and saddle fit for horse and rider on forces and pressure distribution under saddles: A pilot study

Roost L; Ellis AD; Morris C; Bondi A; Gandy EA; Harris P; Dyson S. Equine Veterinary Education 32(Suppl 10):151–161.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance saddle force mat

DOI: 10.1111/eve.13102 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: A calibrated Pliance force mat measured under-saddle pressure at walk, trot and canter for different riders.

Note: Journal issue 2020; online-first 2019.

P033 · 2019

The Effect of Tree Width on Thoracolumbar and Limb Kinematics, Saddle Pressure Distribution, and Thoracolumbar Dimensions in Sports Horses in Trot and Canter

MacKechnie-Guire R; MacKechnie-Guire E; Fairfax V; Fisher D; Fisher M; Pfau T. Animals 9(10):842.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.3390/ani9100842 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle tree width

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Experimental saddle pressures measured using a Pliance mat; the article discusses the mat's operating range.

P032 · 2019

The unexpected importance of the fifth digit during stone tool production

Key AJM; Dunmore CJ; Marzke MW. Scientific Reports 9:16724.

Primary application: Hand function

System: Pliance manual pressure system

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53332-w · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand pressure / stone tools

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods specify a Pliance pressure system with sensors attached to the digits of stone-tool makers.

Note: Published 13 November 2019.

P034 · 2019

Wheelchair Tilt-in-Space and Recline Functions: Influence on Sitting Interface Pressure and Ischial Blood Flow in an Elderly Population

Zemp R; Rhiner J; Plüss S; Togni R; Plock JA; Taylor WR. BioMed Research International 2019:4027976.

Primary application: Wheelchair seating

System: pliance

DOI: 10.1155/2019/4027976 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Seating and ergonomics

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Pliance pressure mapping was used to assess wheelchair tilt and recline effects on sitting interface pressure.

2013–201821 articles

P039 · 2018

Combination of PedCAT Weightbearing CT With Pedography Assessment of the Relationship Between Anatomy-Based Foot Center and Force/Pressure-Based Center of Gravity

Richter M; Lintz F; Zech S; Meissner SA. Foot & Ankle International 39(3):361–368.

Primary application: Orthopaedic assessment

System: Pliance custom pedography sensor

DOI: 10.1177/1071100717744206 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Orthopaedics / weightbearing CT

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Abstract identifies a customized Pliance pedography sensor integrated with weightbearing CT.

Note: 2018 journal issue; online in 2017.

P035 · 2018

Comparison of rider stability in a flapless saddle versus a conventional saddle

Clayton HM; Hampson A; Fraser P; White A; Egenvall A. PLOS ONE 13(6):e0196960.

Primary application: Rider stability

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196960 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / rider stability

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods specify Pliance pressure collection and software version 24 for stride-based analyses.

Note: Published 6 June 2018.

P073 · 2018

Fallstudie zum Einfluss verschiedener Chopart-Prothesen auf das Gangbild des Anwenders

Kaib T; Block J; Heitzmann DWW; Putz C; Wolf SI; Alimusaj M. Orthopädie Technik (2018).

Primary application: Prosthetic sockets

System: pliance portable foot and socket pressure measurement system

Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Chopart partial-foot prosthesis comparison; gait and socket pressure

Evidence of use: The case report’s Methods explicitly name pliance for foot and socket pressure measurements. A socket mat was positioned over the anterior tibial region while comparing different partial-foot prosthetic configurations.

Publication type: Professional-journal case study

Study notes: German professional-journal case study involving one user with a Chopart amputation. The publisher dates the original article to 5 November 2018; a later page modification is not treated as a new publication. English title translation: Case study on the influence of different Chopart prostheses on the user’s gait. No DOI was verified.

P037 · 2018

Local Back Pressure Caused by a Training Roller During Lunging With and Without a Pessoa Training Aid

MacKechnie-Guire R; MacKechnie-Guire E; Bush R; Fisher D; Fisher M; Weller R. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 67:112–117.

Primary application: Equine biomechanics

System: pliance pressure mat

DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.03.018 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: A Pliance mat measured thoracic back pressure during lunging with and without a Pessoa aid.

P036 · 2018

Manual restrictions on Palaeolithic technological behaviours

Key AJM; Dunmore CJ. PeerJ 6:e5399.

Primary application: Hand function

System: pliance wireless hand sensors

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5399 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand function and anthropology

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Wireless Pliance sensors recorded pressures on knappers’ non-dominant hands during stone-tool production.

P038 · 2018

Relationship Between Saddle and Rider Kinematics, Horse Locomotion, and Thoracolumbar Pressures in Sound Horses

MacKechnie-Guire R; MacKechnie-Guire E; Fisher M; Mathie H; Bush R; Pfau T; Weller R. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 69:43–52.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance saddle pressure mat

DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.06.003 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pressure

Verification: Indexed primary-source abstract / methods

Evidence of use: Indexed publisher abstract/methods identify a Pliance mat beneath the saddle and measurement at 50 Hz.

Note: Verification uses indexed publisher text; the linked PDF was not separately reviewed.

P042 · 2018

Reliability and clinical utility of the Pliance X for measuring pressure at the interface of pressure garments and burn scars in children

Wiseman J; Simons M; Kimble RM; Tyack Z. Burns 44(7):1820–1828.

Primary application: Burns & scars

System: pliance X

DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.05.002 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Burn scars and pressure therapy

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: The study directly tested Pliance X reliability and clinical utility at the garment–scar interface in children.

P040 · 2018

The Bionic Bra: Using electromaterials to sense and modify breast support to enhance active living

Steele JR; Gho SA; Campbell TE; Richards CJ; Beirne S; Spinks GM; Wallace GG. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 5:2055668318775905.

Primary application: Bras & apparel

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.1177/2055668318775905 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Apparel / smart bras

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods use two calibrated Pliance pressure mats to assess left and right bra-band pressure.

P041 · 2018

The manual pressures of stone tool behaviors and their implications for the evolution of the human hand

Williams-Hatala EM; Hatala KG; Gordon M; Key A; Kasper M; Kivell TL. Journal of Human Evolution 119:14–26.

Primary application: Hand function

System: pliance manual pressure system

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.02.008 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand function and anthropology

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: A Novel Pliance manual pressure system recorded hand loads from 39 subjects performing prehistoric tool behaviours.

P043 · 2017

Effects of Large Saddle Panels on the Biomechanics of the Equine Back During Rising Trot: Preliminary Results

Martin P; Cheze L; Pourcelot P; Desquilbet L; Duray L; Chateau H. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 48:15–22.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.08.006 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle panels

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Publisher-indexed methods describe the pressure mat and Pliance recording box.

Note: 2017 journal issue; published online in 2016.

P045 · 2017

Evaluation of Pressure Capacitive Sensors for Application in Grasping and Manipulation Analysis

Pessia P et al.. Sensors 17(12):2846.

Primary application: Grasping

System: pliance-x online16 Expert

DOI: 10.3390/s17122846 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Sensor validation and engineering

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: The experiment characterised Novel capacitive sensors belonging to the Pliance system for grasp analysis.

P044 · 2017

Reducing Peak Pressures Under the Saddle Panel at the Level of the 10th to 13th Thoracic Vertebrae May Be Associated With Improved Gait Features, Even When Saddles Are Fitted to Published Guidelines

Murray R; Guire R; Fisher M; Fairfax V. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 54:60–69.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance / Elastisens MSA600

DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.02.010 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pressure

Verification: Author manuscript methods

Evidence of use: Methods specify Sensor Elastisens MSA600, Pliance, Novel GmbH, sampled at 50 Hz beneath the saddle.

Note: Repository heading resembles the 2016 conference title, but the embedded manuscript identifies the 2017 journal article, volume 54, pages 60–69.

P048 · 2016

Combination of pedCAT® for 3D Imaging in Standing Position With Pedography Shows No Statistical Correlation of Bone Position With Force/Pressure Distribution

Richter M; Zech S; Hahn S; Naef I; Merschin D. Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery 55:240–246.

Primary application: Orthopaedic assessment

System: Pliance custom pedography sensor

DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2015.10.004 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Orthopaedics / weightbearing CT

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Publisher abstract describes a customized Pliance sensor integrated into the pedCAT platform.

Note: 2016 journal issue; online in 2015.

P049 · 2016

Effects of pressure applied during standardized spinal mobilizations on peripheral skin blood flow: a randomised cross-over study

Zegarra-Parodi R; Pazdernik VK; Roustit M; Park PYS; Degenhardt BF. Manual Therapy 21:220–226.

Primary application: Manual therapy

System: Pliance-X

DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.08.008 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Manual therapy / spinal mobilization

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Abstract states that a Novel Pliance-X system recorded pressure during spinal mobilization.

Note: 2016 journal issue; online in 2015.

P047 · 2016

Intubation biomechanics: laryngoscope force and cervical spine motion during intubation in cadavers—effect of severe distractive-flexion injury on C3-4 motion

Hindman BJ; Fontes RB; From RP; Traynelis VC; Todd MM; Puttlitz CM; Santoni BG. Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 25(5):545–555.

Primary application: Airway management

System: Pliance custom sensor arrays

DOI: 10.3171/2016.3.SPINE1640 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Airway management / intubation

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods specify pressure recording on the laryngoscope contact surface using Pliance recorder software.

P050 · 2016

Seat pan and backrest pressure distribution while sitting in office chairs

Zemp R; Taylor WR; Lorenzetti S. Applied Ergonomics 53:1–9.

Primary application: Office seating

System: pliance-x 32 Expert

DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.08.004 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Seating and ergonomics

Verification: Author full text

Evidence of use: Two Pliance sensor mats measured seat-pan and backrest pressure across nine office chairs.

Note: Journal issue 2016; online publication 2015.

P046 · 2016

Total contact cast wall load in patients with a plantar forefoot ulcer and diabetes

Begg L; McLaughlin P; Vicaretti M; Fletcher J; Burns J. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 9:2.

Primary application: Diabetic foot

System: Pliance sensor strips

DOI: 10.1186/s13047-015-0119-0 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Orthopaedics / cast-wall loading

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Abstract explicitly identifies pliance strips on the lower leg, synchronized with pedar in 17 patients.

Note: Published 7 January 2016.

P051 · 2015

Intubation Biomechanics: Laryngoscope Force and Cervical Spine Motion during Intubation in Cadavers—Cadavers vs. Patients, the Effect of Repeated Intubations, and the Effect of Type II Odontoid Fracture on C1-C2 Motion

Hindman BJ et al.. Anesthesiology 123(5):1042–1058.

Primary application: Airway management

System: Pliance custom sensor arrays

DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000830 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Airway management / intubation

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Methods describe custom 0.7-mm Pliance arrays placed on the laryngoscope contact surfaces.

P053 · 2014

Dynamic pressure effect on horse and horse rider during riding

Nicol G; Arnold GP; Wang W; Abboud RJ. Sports Engineering 17:143–150.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance horse-saddle and seat systems

DOI: 10.1007/s12283-014-0149-z · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Pliance saddle and seat mats recorded pressures on horse and rider while comparing wool and air flocking.

P052 · 2014

Intubation biomechanics: Laryngoscope force and cervical spine motion during intubation with Macintosh and Airtraq laryngoscopes

Hindman BJ; Santoni BG; Puttlitz CM; From RP; Todd MM. Anesthesiology 121:260–271.

Primary application: Airway management

System: pliance custom blade arrays

DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000263 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Clinical procedures

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Custom Pliance arrays measured pressure and force on laryngoscope blades during intubation.

P074 · 2013

Variation of Pinch and Grip Force Between Different Size Transducers: A Preliminary Study

Vetter L; Beasley J; Ashby B; Bullock H; Conroy C; Pocratsky J. Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 29(6):245–252.

Primary application: Hand function

System: Novel Pliance-X capacitive sensor mat; 60 Hz

DOI: 10.1177/8756479313504825 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Ultrasound transducer ergonomics and sonographer grip loading

Evidence of use: The instrumentation and procedures explicitly describe a Novel Pliance-X mat wrapped around each ultrasound transducer handle. Pliance software recorded finger, thumb and palm forces and pressures during renal scans.

Study notes: Preliminary study with three sonographers and one volunteer patient. The small sample, nonstandard working setting, and addition of the sensor around the handle limit generalization. First online 30 September 2013; November/December 2013 issue.

2010–201212 articles

P054 · 2012

A novel approach to mapping load transfer from the plantar surface of the foot to the walls of the total contact cast: a proof of concept study

Begg L; McLaughlin P; Manning L; Vicaretti M; Fletcher J; Burns J. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 5:32.

Primary application: Casting & braces

System: Pliance sensor strips

DOI: 10.1186/1757-1146-5-32 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Orthopaedics / cast-wall loading

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Pliance strips measured cast-wall load while pedar insoles measured plantar load.

P055 · 2012

Comparison of pressure distribution under a conventional saddle and a treeless saddle at sitting trot

Belock B; Kaiser LJ; Lavagnino M; Clayton HM. The Veterinary Journal 193(1):87–91.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance pressure mat

DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.11.017 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pressure

Verification: Author manuscript methods

Evidence of use: The author manuscript identifies Pliance, Novel Electronics as the pressure-measurement system used beneath the two saddles.

Note: Journal issue 2012; first online 2011.

P056 · 2012

Hand pressure distribution during Oldowan stone tool production

Williams EM; Gordon AD; Richmond BG. Journal of Human Evolution 62(4):520–532.

Primary application: Hand function

System: Pliance-x

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.02.005 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Hand pressure / stone tools

Verification: Author full text

Evidence of use: Author-uploaded article describes hand sensors connected to a Pliance-x electronic analyser.

P057 · 2011

Center-of-Pressure Movements During Equine-Assisted Activities

Clayton HM; Kaiser LJ; de Pue B; Kaiser L. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 65(2):211–216.

Primary application: Therapeutic riding

System: Pliance Saddle System

DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2011.000851 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / therapeutic riding

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods identify a Pliance Saddle System pressure mat tracking rider centre-of-pressure movements.

P060 · 2010

Correction versus bedding: wheelchair pressure distribution measurements in children with cerebral palsy

Lampe R; Mitternacht J. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 4(4):291–300.

Primary application: Wheelchair seating

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.1007/s11832-010-0257-7 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Seating / cerebral palsy

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Methods identify a Pliance pressure-distribution mat with 256 sensors for wheelchair assessments.

P059 · 2010

Effect of different pressure magnitudes on hypertrophic scar in a Chinese population

Lai Hoi Yan Candy; Li-Tsang Wai Ping Cecilia; Zheng Yong Ping. Burns 36(8):1234–1241.

Primary application: Burns & scars

System: Pliance X

DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2010.05.008 · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Compression garments / burns

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Indexed primary-source text identifies Pliance X measurement of garment pressure during scar treatment.

P076 · 2010

Influence of girth strap placement and panel flocking material on the saddle pressure pattern during riding of horses

Byström A; Stalfelt A; Egenvall A; von Peinen K; Morgan K; Roepstorff L. Equine Veterinary Journal 42(Suppl. 38):502–509.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance-X; two 128-sensor halves at 50 Hz

DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00173.x · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Girth attachment and saddle-panel material effects on pressure

Evidence of use: The experimental Methods explicitly identify Pliance-X, its two sensor halves, calibration and 50 Hz sampling. Six horses and three riders were tested with different girth attachments and panel materials during trot and canter.

Study notes: Full-length research article in a journal supplement, not a conference abstract. The analysis masked low-pressure regions using a threshold above approximately 2 kPa, the stated lower accuracy limit. The saddle/material comparison is not an independent validation of pliance.

P062 · 2010

Intraoperative Pedographie [Intraoperative pedography]

Richter M. Operative Orthopädie und Traumatologie 22(1):44–51.

Primary application: Intraoperative pedography

System: Pliance custom mat

DOI: 10.1007/s00064-010-3009-z · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Orthopaedics / intraoperative pedography

Verification: Abstract

Evidence of use: Abstract explicitly describes custom-made Pliance pedography measurements as part of the operative method.

Note: German-language procedural article; retained because actual clinical use is described.

P063 · 2010

Relationship between saddle pressure measurements and clinical signs of saddle soreness at the withers

von Peinen K; Wiestner T; von Rechenberg B; Weishaupt MA. Equine Veterinary Journal 42(Suppl. 38):650–653.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: pliance saddle pressure mat

DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00191.x · Evidence source · Additional metadata

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pressure

Verification: Author manuscript methods

Evidence of use: The study's methods describe a Pliance mat positioned under the saddle and zeroed before pressure measurements.

P061 · 2010

Saddle pressure patterns of three different training saddles (normal tree, flexible tree, treeless) in Thoroughbred racehorses at trot and gallop

Latif SN; von Peinen K; Wiestner T; Bitschnau C; Renk B; Weishaupt MA. Equine Veterinary Journal 42(Suppl. 38):630–636.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance-X; MSA600

DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00237.x · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / racing saddles

Verification: Full text

Evidence of use: Full methods specify Pliance-X with a two-part MSA600 pressure mat, each part containing 128 sensors.

Note: Journal article; similarly titled dissertation not counted separately.

P075 · 2010

The Development of a Rapid Prototyping Prosthetic Socket Coated with a Resin Layer for Transtibial Amputees

Hsu LH; Huang GF; Lu CT; Hong DY; Liu SH. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 34(1):37–45.

Primary application: Prosthetic sockets

System: Novel Pliance mobile system; Pliance-m Expert software

DOI: 10.3109/03093640902911820 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Rapid-prototyped prosthetic socket; residual-limb interface pressure

Evidence of use: The paper explicitly identifies a Novel Pliance mobile system with 30 × 30 mm socket sensors. Local interface pressures were recorded during walking and analysed with Pliance-m Expert.

Study notes: The completed walking assessment concerned one transtibial prosthesis user. Exploratory socket-fabrication and fit study, not a large clinical comparison.

P058 · 2010

The effects of different saddle pads on forces and pressure distribution beneath a fitting saddle

Kotschwar AB; Baltacis A; Peham C. Equine Veterinary Journal 42:114–118.

Primary application: Saddle pressure

System: Pliance

DOI: 10.2746/042516409X475382 · Evidence source

Study details and source notes

Application in source bibliography: Equine biomechanics / saddle pads

Verification: Indexed primary-source methods

Evidence of use: Publisher-indexed article text identifies the Pliance system used in the current study.

Note: 2010 journal issue; DOI contains a 2009 publisher identifier.

2000–20091 article

P077 · 2009

Validation of the Pliance X System in measuring interface pressure generated by pressure garment

Lai CHY; Li-Tsang CWP. Burns 35(6):845–851.

Primary application: Validation & reliability

System: Pliance X System

DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2008.09.013 · Article source · PubMed

Study details and source notes

Application: Validation of static low-pressure measurement at garment–skin interfaces

Evidence of use: The primary abstract and article sections directly describe laboratory testing of Pliance X and clinical measurements at scar–pressure-garment interfaces. The study reports high test–retest/inter-rater reliability and discrimination of different loading conditions.

Study notes: Evidence concerns low interface pressures under static conditions. The authors did not establish equivalent performance during movement or on highly concave/convex skin surfaces. First online 29 May 2009; September 2009 issue. Earlier than the previous bibliography’s 2010 start date.

1990–19991 article

P078 · 1998

Dynamic Seating Interface Pressures during Wheelchair Locomotion: Influence of Cushion Type

Kernozek TW; Lewin JEK. The Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 18(4):182–192.

Primary application: Wheelchair seating

System: Novel Pliance System; pressure mat at 10 Hz

DOI: 10.1177/153944929801800404 · Article source

Study details and source notes

Application: Dynamic wheelchair seating pressure across cushion types

Evidence of use: The primary abstract explicitly reports use of the Novel Pliance System at 10 Hz to compare dynamic seat-interface pressures for three cushion types during wheelchair locomotion in nine volunteers.

Study notes: Historical study of a then-current pliance system, not validation of current hardware generations. Published October 1998; earlier than the previous bibliography’s 2010 start date.

09 / Flyers & brochures

Take a closer look.

Product information for your next
research or development project.

pliance Sensors English ↗

pliance Wheelchair ↗

pliance car seat flyer

pliance Car-seat ↗

horse rider pressure mapping

pliance Horse saddle ↗

pliance glove flyer

pliance glove ↗

10 / A closer look

Start with
a clear answer.

Practical questions about
pliance pressure mapping.

pliance measures pressure distribution between contacting surfaces. Flexible capacitive sensor mats capture how loading is distributed across hard, soft and curved interfaces.

Applications include car and office seating, wheelchairs, beds and mattresses, horse and bicycle saddles, hands, prosthetic sockets, helmets, AR/VR headsets, and storage and packaging. Sensor configuration and pressure range should be matched to the application.

The trublu calibration device applies homogeneous air pressure to the sensors in increasing steps. This allows an individual calibration curve to be calculated for each sensor.

The current product description supports manually triggered recording to it’s onboard memory. Interfaces and recording options depend on the electronics and chosen configuration; discuss your setup with novel.

Let’s explore together / Your application

What surface
will you understand?

Tell us what you want to measure.
We’ll help you find the right pliance configuration.

START THE CONVERSATION

  • The surface and contact area
  • The pressure range you expect
  • How and where you want to record
Discuss your application

info@novel.de ↗